XdgMenu

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1 XDG menu

xdg-menu - generates menus for

  • twm
  • ion3
  • WindowMaker
  • fvwm2
  • icewm
  • blackbox
  • fluxbox
  • openbox
  • awesome

from XDG stuff. KDE, Gnome, Xfce, Enlightenment are already XDG compatible. For further information see:

1.1 WM Menu hierarchy

  • Applications
    • Accessibility
    • Accessories
    • Development
    • Education
    • Games
    • Graphics
    • Internet
    • Multimedia
    • Office
    • Other
    • Science
    • System

2 Configuration

Xdg_menu relies on three sets of information to generate menus: a root menu or in other words an XML menu template generally passed on the command line, information cached when it was last run, and a series of configuration files.

  • You can find some XML menu templates in /etc/xdg/menus.
  • If altering the code in xdg_menu to change layout, make sure you delete everything in ~/.xdg_menu_cache or you will spend hours trying to figure out why your changes to the perl script don't take.
  • You can find individual application configurations in /usr/share/applications

Other configuration file directories can be found under /usr/share. In most cases you will not need to touch these. However if you want to change how your menu is layed out you can alter the menu template for minor changes. Major changes require tweaking the actual xdg_menu perl script. If you find that applications do not appear or that they are called strange things, then you will need to look at the .desktop file in /usr/share/applications. Check this standards file .

3 Usage

3.1 xdg_menu

xdg_menu [--format <format>] [--desktop <desktop>] 
         [--charset <charset>] [--language <language>]  
	 [--root-menu <root-menu>] [--die-on-error]
	 [--fullmenu] [--help]
		 
	format - output format
	         possible formats: twm, WindowMaker, fvwm2, icewm, ion3
	                           blackbox, fluxbox, openbox, 
				   xfce4, openbox3, openbox3-pipe,
				   readable
		 default: WindowMaker
		
 	fullmenu  - output a full menu and not only a submenu

	desktop - desktop name for NotShowIn and OnlyShowIn
		 default: the same as format
			 
	charset - output charset
		 default: <locale>
			 
	language - output language
		 default: <locale>
			 
	root-menu - location of root menu file
		 default: /opt/gnome/etc/xdg/menus/applications.menu
			 
	die-on-error - abort execution on any error, 
		 default: try to continue

	verbose - print debugging information
		 
	help - print this text

3.2 update-menus

update-menus updates WMs menus from XDG stuff and can do it automaticaly using config.

This is a script wrapper around xdg_menu that relies on /etc/update-menus.conf

You need to install package: parabola-xdg-menu (xdg_menu)

/etc/update-menus.conf selects from a list of window managers for which the menu should be generated. Comments with # are allowed.

All generated menus placed in /var/cache/xdg-menu/. See wm-specific Examples section of this page to get more information.

4 Examples

4.1 Awesome

4.1.1 With xdg_menu

$ xdg_menu --format awesome  >>~/.config/awesome/menu.lua

Then edit your rc.lua as shown below

  • Add a require statment for your new menu.lua file
  • Add an entry to your awful.menu object for your new menu which calls xdgmenu
...
require("menu")
...

...
mymainmenu = awful.menu({ items = { { "awesome", myawesomemenu, beautiful.awesome_icon },
                                    { "Applications", xdgmenu },
                                    { "open terminal", terminal }
                                  }
                        })
...

4.2 IceWM

4.2.1 With xdg_menu

$ xdg_menu --format icewm --fullmenu --root-menu /etc/xdg/menus/parabola-applications.menu >>~/.icewm/programs

4.2.2 With update-menus

  • Uncomment icewm in /etc/update-menus.conf
  • run update-menus as root
  • make symlink to /var/cache/xdg-menu/icewm/programs in ~/.icewm/programs

4.3 Ion3

4.3.1 With xdg_menu

$ xdg_menu --format ion3  --root-menu /etc/xdg/menus/parabola-applications.menu >~/.ion3/default-session--0/_xdg-menu.lua

After that, change your cfg_menus.lua to include _xdg-menu.lua file and add menu into mainmenu. For example:

...

dopath("_xdg-menu")

-- Main menu
defmenu("mainmenu", {
    submenu("XDG Menu",         "<NAME-OF-FIRST-MENU-IN-_xdg-menu.lua-FILE>"),
    submenu("Programs",         "appmenu"),
    menuentry("Lock screen",    "ioncore.exec_on(_, 'xlock')"),
    menuentry("Help",           "mod_query.query_man(_)"),
    menuentry("About Ion",      "mod_query.show_about_ion(_)"),
    submenu("Styles",           "stylemenu"),
    submenu("Session",          "sessionmenu"),
})

...

4.3.2 With update-menus

  • Uncomment ion3 in /etc/update-menus.conf
  • run update-menus as root
  • change your cfg_menus.lua to include xdg-menu.lua file and add menu into mainmenu.

For example:

...

dopath("/var/cache/xdg-menu/ion3/xdg-menu.lua")

-- Main menu
defmenu("mainmenu", {
    submenu("XDG Menu",         "<NAME-OF-FIRST-MENU-IN-xdg-menu.lua-FILE>"),
    submenu("Programs",         "appmenu"),
    menuentry("Lock screen",    "ioncore.exec_on(_, 'xlock')"),
    menuentry("Help",           "mod_query.query_man(_)"),
    menuentry("About Ion",      "mod_query.show_about_ion(_)"),
    submenu("Styles",           "stylemenu"),
    submenu("Session",          "sessionmenu"),
})

...

4.4 FluxBox

4.4.1 With xdg_menu

$ xdg_menu --format fluxbox  --root-menu /etc/xdg/menus/parabola-applications.menu >~/.fluxbox/my-menu

Change your menu file to include generated menu.

For example add line:

      [include] (my-menu)

4.4.2 With update-menus

  • Uncomment fluxbox in /etc/update-menus.conf
  • run update-menus as root
  • change your menu file to include generated menu.

For example add line:

      [include] (/var/cache/xdg-menu/fluxbox/boxrc)

4.5 OpenBox

4.5.1 With xdg_menu

Generate menu with

$ xdg_menu --format openbox3 --root-menu /etc/xdg/menus/parabola-applications.menu >xdg-menu.xml

and manually add it into your menu.xml. For example, put xdg-menu.xml into menu.xml and add:

<menu id="Applications" />

into root-menu.

4.5.2 With update-menus

  • Uncomment openbox in /etc/update-menus.conf
  • run update-menus as root
  • change your menu.xml file to include generated menu.

For example, add following to root-menu:

<menu id="xdg-menu" label="XDG Menu" execute="cat /var/cache/xdg-menu/openbox/menu.xml"/>

4.6 Twm

4.6.1 With xdg_menu

Use

$ xdg_menu --format twm --root-menu /etc/xdg/menus/parabola-applications.menu >my-twm-menu

and add it into twmrc manualy.

(I do not know how to include files into twmrc sergej 10:50, 11 April 2007 (EDT))

4.6.2 With update-menus

  • Uncomment twm in /etc/update-menus.conf
  • Add into /etc/X11/twm/system.twmrc file applications menu (add following line:
 "apps"          f.menu "Applications"

into defops menu)

  • run update-menus as root
  • run twm -f /var/cache/xdg-menu/twm/twmrc

4.7 WindowMaker

4.7.1 With xdg_menu

Use

$ xdg_menu --format WindowMaker --root-menu /etc/xdg/menus/parabola-applications.menu >my-wm-menu

and add

#include "my-wm-menu"

into your WindowMaker menu file.

You can also use the WPrefs "Application Menu Definitions", and add the xdg command as a parameter in a "Generated Submenu" object.

4.7.2 With update-menus

  • Uncomment WindowMaker in /etc/update-menus.conf
  • run update-menus as root
  • add
#include "/var/cache/xdg-menu/WindowMaker/wmrc"

into your menu file.

4.8 Fvwm2

4.8.1 With xdg_menu

Generate menu

$ xdg_menu --format fvwm2 --root-menu /etc/xdg/menus/parabola-applications.menu >fvwm2-menu

and add menu into root menu

read fvwm2-menu

AddToMenu MenuFvwmRoot  "Root Menu"             Title
+                       "&0. XDG Menu"          Popup xdg_menu

4.8.2 With update-menus

  • Uncomment fvwm2 in /etc/update-menus.conf
  • run update-menus as root
  • change your .fvwm2rc file to include generated menu. For example:
AddToMenu MenuFvwmRoot  "Root Menu"             Title
+                       "&0. XDG Menu"          Popup xdg_menu
read /var/cache/xdg-menu/fvwm2/fvwm2rc

4.9 BlackBox

4.9.1 With xdg_menu

$ xdg_menu --format blackbox  --root-menu /etc/xdg/menus/parabola-applications.menu >my-menu

Change your menu file to include generated menu.

For example add line:

[include] (my-menu)

4.9.2 With update-menus

  • Uncomment blackbox in /etc/update-menus.conf
  • run update-menus as root
  • change your menu file to include generated menu.

For example add line:

[include] (/var/cache/xdg-menu/blackbox/boxrc)

5 See also

6 Acknowledgement

This wiki article is based on ArchWiki. We may have removed non-FSDG bits from it.